ABSTRACT
This study examines the staff recruitment process and the pervasive ghost workers syndrome within the Kogi
State Civil Service from 2016 to 2024. The ghost workers syndrome, characterized by the inclusion of
fictitious employees on payrolls, has undermined the operational integrity and financial health of the civil
service, leading to significant budgetary losses and diminished public trust. Utilizing a cross-sectional survey
design, data were collected from 326 civil servants through structured questionnaires, focusing on the
causes, contributing factors, and perceptions of fairness in recruitment processes. The findings reveal that
inadequate oversight, lack of transparency, and systemic corruption are primary contributors to the ghost
workers phenomenon. Additionally, civil servants expressed moderate confidence in the fairness of
recruitment practices, with concerns regarding nepotism and favoritism. Despite the implementation of
measures such as biometric verification and regular audits, gaps remain in training for payroll administrators
and the effectiveness of verification processes. This study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive
reforms in recruitment practices, enhanced verification mechanisms, and continuous monitoring to mitigate
the ghost workers issue effectively. By addressing these systemic challenges, the Kogi State government
can restore public trust and improve the overall efficiency of the civil service.
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0 18 May, 2025
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